The text presented by the Kremlin on December 9 to mark the 20th anniversary of the Russian Constitution , was adopted by 446 deputies out of 450 in the Duma (lower house) in the final reading .
It was much more restrictive than what was proposed by the Council of Human Rights to the President, an advisory structure , and should involve about 25,000 people, according to parliamentary officials , while Russia nearly 700,000 inmates. ==>
For less than 5 years in prison sentences
" This amnesty has nothing to do with what we proposed ," said AFP President of the Moscow Helsinki Group , Lyudmila Alexeeva .
"We offered a broad amnesty (...) that would have freed hundreds of thousands of people. We also wanted all political prisoners are released. But that was not the case," Does she added.
The text adopted plans to grant amnesty to persons sentenced to less than 5 years in prison sentences, including for " hooliganism " , which is the charge against the group Pussy Riot , for which continued 30 members of crew , including 26 foreigners, the Greenpeace ship boarded in September in the Arctic.
It also favors categories like minors and over 60 years , mothers of minor children - which is the case of two Pussy Riot - disabled . Are also cited police and military , including those involved in armed conflict , which should include the war in Chechnya .
Applied to the 30 members of Greenpeace and Pussy Riot ?
The amnesty should particularly be applied to members of Greenpeace, with the amendments made by the members , which provide amnesty not only those already convicted of "hooliganism" , but also those that are the subject of an investigation , contrary the original text.
30 crew members of the ship Arctic Sunrise Greenpeace were arrested in September after an action against an oil platform in the Russian Arctic and charged with first "piracy " and then " hooliganism." All were released on bail in November after two months of detention . 26 foreign crew members can not however leave Russia due to lack of valid visa.
"There certainly has a chance , but nothing is certain until they have not really left Russia ," said a spokesman for Greenpeace , Ben Stewart.
The two young women of the protest group Pussy Riot serving a sentence of two years in prison for having sung in February 2012 a "punk prayer " against Vladimir Putin in Moscow cathedral , Maria Alekhina and Nadezhda Tolokonnikova must anyway be released in March. Both mothers with a toddler , they have seen so far all their parole applications rejected because they refuse to acknowledge their guilt.
Prison authorities in Krasnoyarsk and Nizhny Novgorod , which are held Tolokonnikova and Alekhina respectively, have promised to release " immediately, without red tape , probably tomorrow " Thursday , wrote on Twitter Tolokonnikova 's husband , Pyotr Verzilov .
Khodorkovsky should not benefit
According to Russian press , amnesty could also benefit some participants in a demonstration against Vladimir Putin in May 2012, charged with clashes with police occurred .
Releasable next year after having already served ten years in prison for fraud and tax evasion , the former oil tycoon and Kremlin critic Mikhail Khodorkovsky for its part should not benefit from the amnesty . The public prosecutor has instead shown at the beginning investigating several other cases involving Mikhail Khodorkovsky , which could earn him an extended sentence.
Amnesty announced last June for economic crimes , and that was to benefit some 100,000 people , had finally been reviewed very restrictively by the Kremlin. September 30 , only a little more than 1,000 people had received , of which 300 were owned only .
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